托福阅读考试“句子插入题”的解题方法

　　但是别放弃，最起码是一个妈妈出生的，还是能够找到相似的点的。要知道GRE的难度最起码是托福的三倍左右，所以说不少考生都会先去准备GRE，那么之后应对托福的时候会感觉简单很多！

　　那么，先准备托福，对于GRE有益处吗?

　　——有，也能瞬间给你提升三倍功力。

　　我们大致的看了一下，其实在GRE和托福的阅读上面就有很多的相似的话题点的，比方说火星、冰川。我们从TPO的材料中不难发现火星的文章确实不少，TPO8(火星上的流水)，TPO16(太阳系中的行星)，TPO25(火星表面)，那么在GRE中也有那么一篇关于火星地表的文章。

　　对比一下会发现，文章是有颇多信息是相关并且类似的。比如都在探讨火星的地表特征，洼陷的地貌;造成这种地貌的原因是什么。具体来说，托福讨论火星地表的多个地表特征(地表上类似火山的特征以及地表上各种坑)，并且针对坑的形成有比较具体的内容描述。GRE只针对一个特征(火星北部的低洼地表)进行陈述，重点落在探讨形成这个地表特征的原因。

　　我们再来看看其中的不同之处有哪些。托福文章基本都是六百词左右，其中以论证和论点为主。从我们做过很多的托福文章来看，就像我们汉语中的说明文，像文章中多处都是表明火星表面坑的形成原因。GRE说明文性的东西比较少（仅仅第一段介绍火星北部地表情况）第二段开始就是不同的观点来解释火星北部的低洼地表，其中有逻辑关系词However表明观点的变化，以及指示作者态度的呈现。观点变化和作者态度，就是GRE的重点和考点。

　　另一方面，是选项的设置。因为托福的文章中细节比较多，所以细节题的考察也是比较多的，比如下面这个考题：

　　The detailed appearance of Martian impact craters provides an important piece of information about conditions just below the planet’s surface. Martian craters are surrounded by ejecta (debris formed as a result of an impact) that looks quite different from its lunar counterparts. A comparison of the Copernicus crater on the Moon with the (fairly typical) crater Yuty on Mars demonstrates the differences. The ejecta surrounding the lunar crater is just what one would expect from an explosion ejecting a large volume of dust, soil, and boulders. ■However, the ejecta on Mars gives the distinct impression of a liquid that has splashed or flowed out of crater. ■Geologists think that this fluidized ejecta crater indicates that a layer of permafrost, or water ice, lies just a few meters under the surface.■Explosive impacts heated and liquefied the ice, resulting in the fluid appearance of the ejecta.

　　12. According to paragraph 6, the ejecta of Mars’s crater Yuty differs from the ejecta of the Moon’s Copernicus crater in that the ejecta of the Yuty crater

　　○ Has now become part of a permafrost layer

　　○ Contains a large volume of dust, soil and boulders

　　○ Suggests that liquid once came out of the surface at the crater site

　　○ Was thrown a comparatively long distance from the center of the crater

　　这道题目在托福文章中考察的是月球和火星坑中喷出的东西进行考察，我们抓住题干进行原文定位即可，大概是：

　　“A comparison of the Copernicus crater on the Moon with the (fairly typical) crater Yuty on Mars demonstrates the differences. The ejecta surrounding the lunar crater is just what one would expect from an explosion ejecting a large volume of dust, soil, and boulders. However, the ejecta on Mars gives the distinct impression of a liquid that has splashed or flowed out of crater.”

　　再根据题干的问题点是落脚在the ejecta of Yuty crater，也就是火星上的喷出物，所以具体是“However, the ejecta on Mars gives the distinct impression of a liquid that has splashed or flowed out of crater.”这句话，即然而，火星的喷出物明确表明是从坑里流出或者溅出的液体。 最接近的选项就是C Suggests that liquid once came out of the surface at the crater site表明从坑表面出来的液体。正解！

　　我们来看看GRE中有篇类似的文章：

　　What accounts for the low-lying, ……

　　Is Mars’s north similarly characterized by a sort of crust different from other areas of the planet?Some researchers do see signs of tectonic activity surrounding the northern basin that suggest thatit was created through the formation of new crust, like ocean basins on Earth. However, McGillpoints to Northern bedrock structures that predate the features said to mark the start of the tectonicprocess. McGill instead believes that through some novel mechanism the ancient surface sank toits current depth as a single unit. This would explain why features around the basin’s edge, whichwould have formed as the surface dropped, seem to be younger than structures at its floor.The third possibility is that …...

　　As presented in the passage, McGill’s account of the formation of Mars’s northern basin differsfrom the other mentioned in that it alone

　　A. explains the formation of certain northern bedrock features

　　B. does not specify the force that caused the northern basin to be lower than its surroundings

　　C. takes the northern basin to be a landform that is not analogous to any found on Earth

　　D. denies that features around the northern basin are the result of tectonic activity

　　E. attributes the creation of the northern lowlands to processes occurring within the planet

　　这道题就没有具体指代的段落内容了，那么我们就需要从从首字母M那个单词定位文章中的内容。我们从题干中发现我们需要找到的是M处和其他解释处的不一样的点，我们寻找的是文章中出现M的不同的解释，这就是解题点：“McGill instead believes that through some novel mechanism the ancient surface sank toits current depth as a single unit.”。相反，M认为通过一些新颖的机制，以前的表面沉降到现在的深度是单一事件。不难看出，GRE的选项内容需要思考，而并不是文章中的内容进行的改写。
层层筛选，再结合选项A错误，并没有解释特定的基层的特点。
B正确，文中只提及M认为有新颖的机制，并没有具体说是什么机制，选项符合。
C，根据文意，地形上有类似于地球的海洋盆地，这个选项本身也不符合题干。
D，否认北部盆地特点是由地壳活动造成的。文中M并没有否认，只是指出了证据上的不可靠性，所以C是错误的。
E，将北部低地是由行星内的过程形成，文中M并没有这么表明，错误。
需要根据文意，加以提炼和总结，得到答案是B。

　　如果我们在准备两项考试中，GRE和托福阅读的共同点也是能够互助的！会学的人效率会很高！即使有差异，也是能够将其中的精髓给共同起来，准备两项考试也会更加轻松！更多雅思、托福、SAT等精彩内容请关注深圳新航道学校！